Backend update (October 2026)

GitHub Models inference was retired on July 30, 2026. Any references below are retained only for historical context while this lab is migrated. Use Lab 013 — Free LLM backends to configure Foundry Local or Ollama before continuing.

Lab 015: Ollama — Run LLMs Locally for Free

Level: L100 Path: All paths Time: ~30 min 💰 Cost: Free — Runs on your machine, no cloud, no API key

Also try Foundry Local

Microsoft Foundry Local is an alternative to Ollama with an OpenAI-compatible API. See Lab 078: Foundry Local for a hands-on guide.

What You'll Learn

• Install and run Ollama to serve LLMs locally
• Run Phi-4 (Microsoft's powerful small model) and Llama 3.2 on your own machine
• Generate text embeddings locally with nomic-embed-text
• Call Ollama from Python and C# using the OpenAI-compatible API
• Use Ollama as the LLM backend for Semantic Kernel (no API key needed)

---

Introduction

Ollama is an open-source tool that makes running LLMs on your laptop as easy as ollama run phi4. No API key, no cloud account, no usage costs — just your own hardware.

This is valuable for: - Privacy: sensitive data never leaves your machine - Offline development: works without internet - Cost control: zero API costs during development - Learning: experiment freely without worrying about bills

Hardware requirements

Ollama works on Mac (Apple Silicon or Intel), Windows, and Linux.
For best performance: 16GB+ RAM. Works with 8GB but slower.
GPU is optional — models run on CPU too (just slower).

---

Prerequisites Setup

Install Ollama

1. Go to ollama.com and download the installer for your OS
2. Install and verify:

ollama --version
# ollama version 0.5.x

Ollama runs as a background service on http://localhost:11434.

---

Quick Start with GitHub Codespaces

All dependencies are pre-installed in the devcontainer.

📦 Supporting Files

Download these files before starting the lab

Save all files to a lab-015/ folder in your working directory.

File	Description	Download
Modelfile	Ollama model configuration	📥 Download
chat_starter.py	Starter script with TODOs	📥 Download

---

Lab Exercise

Step 1: Run your first model

ollama run phi4

This downloads Phi-4 (~9GB) on first run, then starts an interactive chat.

>>> What are AI agents?
AI agents are autonomous systems that use LLMs as their reasoning engine...
>>> /bye

Other models to try:

ollama run llama3.2        # Meta Llama 3.2 3B — fast, small
ollama run llama3.2:1b     # Even smaller, very fast
ollama run mistral         # Mistral 7B — good balance
ollama run deepseek-r1     # Reasoning model (like o1)
ollama run phi4-mini       # Phi-4 Mini — faster, less RAM

Check what you have installed:

ollama list

Step 2: Pull an embedding model

ollama pull nomic-embed-text

This gives you a free local embedding model — perfect for RAG without any API costs.

Step 3: Call Ollama from Python

Ollama's API is 100% OpenAI-compatible, so the same code that calls GitHub Models or Azure OpenAI works here:

from openai import OpenAI

# Point to local Ollama instead of OpenAI
client = OpenAI(
    base_url="http://localhost:11434/v1",
    api_key="ollama",  # required by the client, but value doesn't matter
)

response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="phi4",
    messages=[
        {"role": "system", "content": "You are a helpful assistant."},
        {"role": "user", "content": "Explain the difference between RAG and fine-tuning in 3 sentences."},
    ],
    temperature=0.3,
)

print(response.choices[0].message.content)

Step 4: Generate embeddings locally

from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI(
    base_url="http://localhost:11434/v1",
    api_key="ollama",
)

response = client.embeddings.create(
    model="nomic-embed-text",
    input="waterproof hiking boots for mountain trails",
)

vector = response.data[0].embedding
print(f"Dimensions: {len(vector)}")   # 768
print(f"First 5:    {vector[:5]}")

Step 5: Use Ollama with Semantic Kernel

Because Ollama is OpenAI-compatible, plugging it into Semantic Kernel is trivial:

PythonC#

import asyncio
from semantic_kernel import Kernel
from semantic_kernel.connectors.ai.open_ai import OpenAIChatCompletion

async def main():
    kernel = Kernel()

    # Use Ollama instead of GitHub Models — just change base_url and model
    kernel.add_service(
        OpenAIChatCompletion(
            ai_model_id="phi4",
            api_key="ollama",
            base_url="http://localhost:11434/v1",
        )
    )

    # The rest of your agent code is identical!
    from semantic_kernel.contents import ChatHistory
    history = ChatHistory()
    history.add_system_message("You are a helpful AI assistant.")
    history.add_user_message("What is Semantic Kernel?")

    chat = kernel.get_service(type=OpenAIChatCompletion)
    result = await chat.get_chat_message_content(
        chat_history=history,
        settings=kernel.get_prompt_execution_settings_from_service_id("default"),
    )
    print(result)

asyncio.run(main())

using Microsoft.SemanticKernel;
using Microsoft.SemanticKernel.ChatCompletion;

var builder = Kernel.CreateBuilder();
builder.AddOpenAIChatCompletion(
    modelId: "phi4",
    apiKey: "ollama",
    endpoint: new Uri("http://localhost:11434/v1")
);
var kernel = builder.Build();

var chat = kernel.GetRequiredService<IChatCompletionService>();
var history = new ChatHistory("You are a helpful AI assistant.");
history.AddUserMessage("What is Semantic Kernel?");

var response = await chat.GetChatMessageContentAsync(history);
Console.WriteLine(response.Content);

Step 6: Use Ollama as an MCP server backend

Since Ollama is OpenAI-compatible, any MCP server that calls an LLM can use it locally. Just swap the client configuration:

# In your MCP server's config.py
LLM_BASE_URL = "http://localhost:11434/v1"
LLM_MODEL = "phi4"
EMBED_MODEL = "nomic-embed-text"
LLM_API_KEY = "ollama"

No other code changes needed.

Step 7: Ollama via REST API directly

You can also call Ollama's native API (not OpenAI-compatible):

curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{
  "model": "phi4",
  "messages": [
    {"role": "user", "content": "Why is the sky blue?"}
  ],
  "stream": false
}'

---

📁 Starter Files

Two files are provided to help you follow along:

# Chat with any local model
python chat_starter.py

# Create the OutdoorGear custom model first:
ollama create outdoorgear -f Modelfile
ollama run outdoorgear

The 📥 Modelfile creates a custom OutdoorGear Advisor persona on top of Phi-4. The 📥 chat_starter.py has 5 exercises covering basic completion, custom models, comparison, and streaming.

---

Model Comparison (on a typical laptop)

Model	Size	RAM needed	Speed	Quality
phi4-mini	2.5GB	4GB	⚡⚡⚡ Fast	Good
llama3.2:1b	1.3GB	4GB	⚡⚡⚡ Very fast	Basic
llama3.2	2.0GB	6GB	⚡⚡ Fast	Good
phi4	9.1GB	12GB	⚡ Moderate	Excellent
mistral	4.1GB	8GB	⚡⚡ Fast	Very good
deepseek-r1	4.7GB	8GB	⚡ Moderate	Best reasoning

---

Summary

You now have a fully local LLM stack:

• ✅ Ollama serving models on localhost:11434
• ✅ Phi-4 (or Llama) for chat/reasoning — free, private, offline
• ✅ nomic-embed-text for embeddings — free, local
• ✅ Same code works for Ollama, GitHub Models, and Azure OpenAI — just change base URL

---

Next Steps

• Build a RAG app with local embeddings: → Lab 022 — RAG with GitHub Models + pgvector
• Use with Semantic Kernel plugins: → Lab 023 — SK Plugins, Memory & Planners
• Production local AI: → Lab 044 — Phi-4 + Ollama in Production

Supporting kit

The site build generates stable PDF and ZIP downloads. The ZIP contains the lab guide and every supporting file declared for this lab.

• Download generated PDF
• Download generated ZIP