OutdoorGear Inc. - Frequently Asked Questions

CLOTHING & LAYERING SYSTEM
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Q: What is the three-layer system?
A: The layering system optimizes warmth, moisture management, and weather protection.
Layer 1 — Base layer (next to skin): wicks moisture away from your body. Never use 
cotton — it stays wet and causes hypothermia. Use merino wool (warm, odor-resistant, 
soft) or synthetic (dries faster, cheaper). 
Layer 2 — Mid layer (insulation): traps warm air. Options: fleece (breathable, fast-drying, 
affordable), down jacket (warmest per gram, compresses small), synthetic insulated jacket 
(insulates when wet, cheaper than down).
Layer 3 — Shell (outer): blocks wind and rain. Hardshell: fully waterproof, best for heavy 
rain/snow. Softshell: more breathable, water-resistant only, better for active use in light rain.

Q: How do I choose between a hardshell and softshell jacket?
A: Hardshell: choose when you need guaranteed waterproofing in heavy, sustained rain or 
snow. Look for Gore-Tex or equivalent membrane, sealed seams, and a waterproof zipper.
Softshell: choose for high-output activities (ski touring, hiking in light rain) where 
breathability matters more than waterproofing. A wet softshell still provides wind protection.
Many experienced outdoor athletes carry both: softshell for active use, hardshell packed 
for emergencies.

Q: What does DWR mean, and why does it wear off?
A: DWR (Durable Water Repellent) is a finish applied to the outer fabric of waterproof 
jackets that causes water to bead and roll off instead of soaking in. When DWR wears off 
from use and washing, the outer fabric gets "wet out" — it absorbs water and becomes heavy 
and cold, even though the waterproof membrane underneath still works. Restore DWR by washing 
the garment with a DWR wash (like Nikwax Tech Wash) and tumble drying on low heat.

Q: How should I care for waterproof clothing?
A: Wash regularly — dirty waterproof garments lose breathability as oils and dirt block 
the membrane pores. Use a technical wash (Nikwax Tech Wash or Grangers Performance Wash). 
Avoid fabric softeners — they coat the DWR. Tumble dry on low heat after washing to 
reactivate DWR. Iron on very low heat if needed (protects the waterproofing).

Q: What base layer material is best for warm-weather hiking?
A: For warm weather, lightweight synthetic (polyester) is optimal — it's the fastest-drying 
and most affordable. Merino wool is excellent for multi-day trips where you need odor 
resistance (you can wear it 2-3 days without washing). Avoid cotton base layers entirely — 
wet cotton against skin is a leading cause of hypothermia even in mild temperatures.